Servidio and colleagues model Fear of Missing Out as part of a relational mechanism connecting social comparison, self-esteem and problematic social media use. Using a cross-sectional survey of 256 Italian university students, the study tests a serial mediation model in which FoMO is associated with intensified comparison, diminished self-esteem and increased problematic use. Its value lies less in treating FoMO as a self-explanatory diagnosis than in decomposing the phenomenon into interacting psychosocial processes. Methodologically, mediation analysis renders the proposed pathway explicit and testable while also making visible the limits of causal claims from cross-sectional data. The work bridges social psychology of comparison with contemporary platform studies by showing how networked environments can become behavioural settings in which social evaluation is recurrently intensified. It also provides a useful empirical counterpoint to constructionist accounts: even when psychological variables are operationalised quantitatively, their relations remain organised by a social ecology of visibility, comparison and mediated participation rather than by isolated individual traits.
